一、导读：
Key words & expressions involved
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1. critical adj.
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2. trap vt./n.
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3. release vt./n.
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4. extend vi/vt.
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5. construction n.
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6. dozen n.
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7. minor n.
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8. choke v.
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9. carpet n./v.
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10. automatic adj.
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11. investigate v.
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12.come about
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13. priority n.
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14. contradict v.
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15. conclusion n.
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16.minimum n./adj.
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17.accurate adj.
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18. committed adj.
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19. discrimination n.
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20.curiosity n.
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21.citizen n.
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22.found v.
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23.accuse v.
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24.mount n./v.
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25. profession n.
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二、导思：【课文定位】根据语境推测下列划线单词或者短语的中文意思并且反复诵读
1. The two news reports and the article below encourage you to be a critical news reader.
2. The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped.
3. Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5, according to figures released by emergency services.
4. By this time, the fire had extended to the 15th floor.
5. The fire has also left dozens of people injured, 5 of whom are in a critical condition.
6. Lisa Mayer, 29, is among the lucky ones who only suffered minor injuries.
7. Mr Peterson, head of the fire department, confirms that a dropped cigarette end on a carpet of the 8th floor started the fire and that the automatic fire alarms did not go off quickly enough to prevent the disaster.
8. A team is currently investigating the accident further.
9. It is advisable to remember that journalists may have different priorities, which would influence how they report an event.
10. Even if news reports are written from basically the same perspective, they may contradict each other in terms of factual details, as events in the real world are usually complicated and constantly changing.
11. Though journalists are committed to presenting the truth, it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports.
12. With great discrimination, every one of us has the potential to be a critical news reader.
13. Secondly, you must have a natural curiosity about things that are happening, even though they may appear to be minor matters.
三、导学&导练:
A. 借助字典查下列单词的词性转化
1. critical adj.批评的,批判性的;关键的;危急的→____________adv.危急地;批评性地→____________ n.批评;责备;评论→____________n.批评家,评论家;挑剔的人→____________ v.批评;评论
2. extend vi.& vt.延伸(距离);扩大;延长;伸展→____________ n.延长;延期;扩大→____________ adj.广泛的;大量的;广阔的
3. construction n.建筑,建造;建造物→____________vt.建造,构建;创立→___________ adj.建设性的
4. minor adj .轻微的,次要的→____________ adj.少数的;属于少数派的→___________n.少数派;少数民族
5. bath n.洗澡,洗浴;浴缸,浴盆→____________ v.洗澡
6. automatic adj.自动的;无意识的,不假思索的→____________ adv.自动地;机械地;无意识地
7. investigate vt.& vi.侦查,调查;研究→____________n.调查;科学研究→____________ adj.调查研究的;侦查的→____________ n.调查者;侦查员
8. journalist n.新闻记者,新闻工作者→__________ n.新闻业,新闻工作→___________ n.报纸,杂志;
9. priority n.优先事项.首要事情;优先权,重点→ ____________adj.优先的;在前面的
10. contradict vt.相矛盾.相反:反驳.驳斥→___________ adj.相互矛盾的→___________ n.矛盾;反驳
11. factual adj.事实的,真实的→____________ adv.真实地;确实地
12. differ vi.相异;意见相左→____________ adj.不同的→____________ adv.不同地→____________ n.差异
13. conclusion n.结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成→____________ v.推断;断定;决定
14. false adj .错误的,不真实的;非天生的;假的,伪造的;不真诚的→____________ adv.错误地;虚伪地;不实地
15. minimum n最小值,最少量adj.最低的,最小的→____________ v.使最小化
16. maximum n.最大量,最大限度adj.最高的,最多的→____________v.使最大化
17. accurate adj.正确无误的;精确的→___________ adv.精确地,准确地→____________n.精确,准确
18. discrimination n.辨别力;识别力;歧视,区别对待→____________ v.歧视;区别;辨别
19. curiosity n.好奇心,求知欲;奇物,珍品→____________ adj.好奇的,求知欲强的→____________ adv.好奇地
20. commitment n.承诺,许诺;献身,投入;花费→____________ vt.承诺,保证;犯(罪);花(钱或时间) vi.全身心投人;忠于→____________adj.坚定的;尽心尽力的
21. found vt.创建,创办;建立,兴建→__________ n.基础;地基;基金会;根据;创立→_________n.创始人;建立者
22. politics n.政治,政治事务:(个人的)政治观点,政见→____________adj.政治的;党派的→____________adv.政治上→____________ n.政治家
23. profession n.行业,职业;同行;宣称,声明→____________ adj.专业的;职业的n.专业人员
24. drama n. 戏剧；戏剧性事件→____________ adj.急剧的；激动人心的；有关戏剧的→____________adv.剧烈地，明显地；戏剧性地，夸张地
B. 掌握核心单词的用法
1. critical /ˈkrɪtɪkl/ adj. 批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的
adj. critical of sb/sth 批评的；批判性的；挑剔的
a critical comment/report 批判性的评论╱报道
a critical factor in the election campaign 竞选活动的关键因素
a critical moment in our country’s history 我国历史上的危急关头
play a critical role in 在......方面发挥着关键作用。
critical thinking批判性思维
adv.（2021全国甲卷）According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500, giving the rhinos a “critically endangered” status. 根据世界野生动物基金会(World Wildlife Fund)的数据，全球黑犀牛数量已降至5500头，使犀牛处于“极度濒危”状态。
2. trap /træp/ vt. 使落入险境；卡住，绊住 n. 陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境，牢笼 (trapped/trapped)
v. trap sb (into sth/into doing sth) 使陷入圈套；使中计；使上当
become/be trapped in it 陷入其中
n. set a trap设陷阱 fall into a trap 落入陷阱
（2016北京卷）Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings. 青少年爬上几十层楼梯，给被困在停电的高层建筑中的老人送去水和食物。
3. release /rɪˈliːs/ vt. 发布；释放；松开；发泄n. 释放；发行；排放，泄漏
v. release sb/sth (from sth) 释放；放出；放走
release sb (from sth) 免除，解除（某人的职责、责任、合同等）；解雇
n. the release (of sb) (from sth) 释放；获释
the latest new releases 最新发行的产品
the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere 二氧化碳向大气层的排放
a sense of release after the exam 考试后的解脱感
（2012上海卷）Scientists have long known that in the fight or flight reaction to stress，an important role is played by certain hormones(激素) released by the body. 科学家们早就知道，在对抗或逃避压力的反应中，身体释放的某些激素起着重要作用。
4. extend /ɪkˈstend/ vi. & vt. 延伸（距离）；扩大；延长；伸展
to extend a fence/road/house 扩建护栏╱公路╱房子
to extend a deadline/visa 延长最后期限╱签证
to extend a rope between two posts 在两根柱子间拉根绳子
to extend an invitation 发出邀请
（2016北京卷）However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students and are not shouldered with adult responsibilities. 然而，现在他们正在延长青春期，在这期间，许多学生并没有肩负起成人的责任。
（2015湖南卷）When the inspector extended his hand to greet Glenn’s mother, he slipped on the freshly oiled surface. 当督察伸出手去和格伦的母亲打招呼时，他在刚涂过油的地面上滑倒了。
5. construction /kənˈstrʌkʃn/ n. 建筑，建造；建造物
in/under construction 在建造中；正在施工之中 in the construction of 建筑
construction technology 施工技术，建筑技术；建筑施工；建筑工艺学
economic construction 经济建设
6. dozens of 很多，许多
dozen /ˈdʌzn/ n. 许多；（一）打；十来个
by the dozen成打地；按打计算 two dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋
three dozen red roses 三打红玫瑰 several dozen/a few dozen people 数十╱几十个人
7. minor /ˈmaɪnə(r)/ adj. 轻微的，次要的
a minor road 小路 minor injuries 轻伤
minority n. 少数；少数派；少数民族 to undergo minor surgery 做小手术
【反义词】major adj. 主要的；重要的；主修的
8. choke /tʃəʊk/ vt. & vi.（使）窒息；（使）哽咽，（尤指感情激动而）说不出话来
choke sth back 强忍住；抑制；克制
to choke back tears/anger/sobs 强忍住眼泪╱愤怒╱哭泣
choke sth down 硬咽；硬吞 choke sth off阻止；制止；限制；打断；停止；终止
choke out/choke out sth （因感情激动而）哽咽着说，哽咽地说出某事
choke up （因感情激动而）哽咽
She almost choked to death in the thick fumes. 她几乎被浓烟呛死。
High housing estate prices have choked off demand. 高昂的房地产价格制约了需求。
Her screams were suddenly choked off. 她的尖叫声戛然而止。
He choked out a reply. 他哽咽着回答。
The author choked up when she began to talk about her mother.
作者谈起母亲时，便哽咽着说不出话来。
9. carpet /ˈkɑːpɪt/ n. 地毯；覆盖地面的一层厚东西
n. a carpet of snow 一层厚厚的雪
v. 把地毯铺在……上；厚厚地铺上
The hall was carpeted in blue. 大厅铺上了蓝色的地毯。
The forest floor was carpeted with wild flowers. 森林的地面上开满了野花。
（2014浙江卷）At Google’s office, an entire floor is carpeted in glass.
在谷歌的办公室，整块地板铺着玻璃。
10. automatic /ˌɔːtəˈmætɪk/ adj. 自动的；无意识的，不假思索的
adv. automatically自动地；机械地；无意识地→n. automation自动化；自动操作→automatism自动；无意识行为→ vt. automate 使自动化，使自动操作 vi. 自动化，自动操作
Breathing is an automatic function of the body. 呼吸是一种无意识的身体功能。
11. investigate /ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt/ vt. & vi. 侦查，调查；研究
n. investigation 调查；调查研究
（2016安徽卷）Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way—that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means. 一些心理学家认为，幼儿通过这种方式学习的不仅仅是物质世界——他们用类似的方法研究人类心理和语言规则。
12. come about 发生
（2016江苏卷）Shelly-Ann is a little woman with a big smile. She has a mental toughness that did not come about by chance. 谢莉-安是一个笑容灿烂的小女人。她有一种并非偶然产生的坚强精神。
come out出现；出版；结果是 come up with提出；想出；赶上
come across 偶遇；无意中发现；讲得清楚明白 come over过来；顺便来访；抓住
come true实现，成真；成为现实
13. priority /praɪˈɒrəti/ n. 优先事项，首要事情；优先权，重点
adj. prior （时间、顺序等）先前的；优先的 prior to…在前面的
v. prioritize 按优先顺序列出，确定 (任务) 优先顺序；优先处理，优先考虑
Education is a top priority. 教育是当务之急。
Our first priority is to improve standards. 我们的头等大事是提高水平。
14. contradict /ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkt/ vt. 相矛盾，相反；反驳，驳斥
n. contradiction 矛盾；否认；反驳adj. contradictory 矛盾的；反对的；反驳的；抗辩的
be contradictory to
His comments appeared to contradict remarks made earlier in the day by the chairman.
他的评论好像在反驳主席当天早些时候的言论。
15. conclusion /kənˈkluːʒn/ n. 结论，推论；结束，结果；签订，达成
n. reach/arrive at/come to a/the conclusion 得出结论；达成协议
draw a/the conclusion 得出结论；推断
bring to a conclusion 结束（使终止）；谈定（买卖等）
rush/jump/leap to (the) conclusion (that) 匆忙下结论；贸然断定
in conclusion 总之；最后= sum up=to conclude
v. conclude vt. 推断；决定，作结论；结束 vi. 推断；断定；决定
It took the jury（陪审团）some time to reach the conclusion that the charged was guilty.
陪审团花了很长时间才得出结论认为被告人有罪。
In conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable, and readily available form of exercise.
综上所述，散步是一种廉价、安全、有趣而又随时可以开展的运动形式。
He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.
他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。
16. minimum /ˈmɪnɪməm/ n. 最小值，最少量adj. 最低的，最小的.
minimize vt. 使减到最少；小看，极度轻视 vi. 最小化
maximize v. [opp]（使）增加到最大限度；充分利用；找到……的最高值；最大化
17. accurate /ˈækjərət/ adj. 正确无误的；精确的
adj. an accurate description/account/calculation 准确的描述╱叙述╱计算
accurate information/data 正确无误的情报╱资料
adv. accurately 精确地；准确地 n. accuracy 精确度；准确性
（2021新高考I卷）The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. 医生可能利用这种准确理解他人感受的能力来找到最好的帮助病人的方法，而骗子可能利用这种能力来控制潜在的受害者。
18. committed /kəˈmɪtɪd/ adj. 尽心尽力的；承诺过的
adj. be committed to 致力于；承诺过
a committed member of the team 忠于职守的队员
v. commit vt. 犯罪；把……交托给；指派……作战；使……承担义务；
vi. 忠于（某个人、机构等）；承诺
commit sb/oneself (to sth/to doing sth) 承诺，保证（做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等）
n. commitment 献身，投入； a commitment to sb/sth/to doing sth承诺；许诺；保证
make a commitment to do sth承诺做某事
commitment to sb/sth（对工作或某活动）献身，奉献，投入
The government is committed to reforming health care. 政府承诺要改革卫生保健制度。
I would advise people to think very carefully about committing themselves to working Sundays. 我会建议人们认真考虑答应周日工作。
19. discrimination /dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 辨别力，识别力；歧视，区别对待
n. to learn discrimination between right and wrong 学会分辨是非
fine discriminations 细微区别
age/racial/sex/sexual discrimination (= because of sb’s age, race or sex)
年龄╱种族╱性别歧视
discrimination against the elderly 歧视老人
v. discriminate vt. 歧视；区别；辨别 vi. 区别；辨别
discriminate (between A and B) discriminate A from B 区别；辨别；区分
Recent measures have not eliminated（消除） discrimination in employment.
最近的举措还未能根除就业歧视。
He is incapable of discriminating between a good idea and a terrible one.
他不能辨别好主意和坏主意。
20. curiosity /ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/ n. 好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品
n. curiosity (about sth)/(to do sth) 好奇心；求知欲
out of curiosity 出于好奇心 arouse one’s curiosity 激发好奇心
adj. curious 好奇的；有求知欲的 be curious about sth/to do sth 求知欲强的；好奇的
21. citizen /ˈsɪtɪzn/ n. 公民；市民，居民
citizenship n. 公民身份；公民资格；国籍 netizen n. 网民
22. found /faʊnd/ vt. 创建，创办；建立，兴建 founded/founded
to found a club/company 创办俱乐部╱公司 found sth (on sth) 把…基于；把…建立在
foundation n. 创立；基础；根据；地基 founder n. 创立者；创办者；创始人
23. accuse /əˈkjuːz/ vt. 谴责，控诉
accuse…of…控告；控诉；谴责 to accuse sb of murder/theft 控告某人谋杀╱盗窃
accusation n. 指告；控诉；谴责
The government under Biden’s leadership was accused of incompetence. 拜登政府被指责无能。
He faced a total of seven charges, all accusing him of lying in his testimony（证词，证言）.
他面临共7项控告，都指控他作伪证。
24. mount /maʊnt/ vi. 逐步增加 vt. 攀登，爬上n. 山
mount up（尺寸和数量上）增加，上升
Pressure from the public is mounting on the government to change the law.
来自公众的迫使政府修改法律的压力不断增加。
The death toll caused by Hurricane Ida continues to mount.
飓风艾达导致的死亡人数持续增加。
Meanwhile, my debts were mounting up. 同时，我的债务在不断增加。
25. profession /prəˈfeʃn/ n. 行业，职业；同行；宣称，声明
n. the medical/legal/teaching, etc. profession 医疗、法律、教学等专业
to enter/go into/join a profession 从事╱加入╱参加一个行业
n. 专业人员；职业运动员
adj. professional 专业的；职业的；职业性的
Harper was a teacher by profession. 哈珀的职业是教师。
四、达标导练：(15min)
根据句意并结合汉语或首字母提示填写单词 (共20题：每小题1分，共20分)
1. C__________thinking is to think logically and develop an ability to ask questions or ask for evidence for a particular subject.
2. We are advised to walk and play in the surrounding countryside to r_________stress.
3. The new offices are still under ___________________ (= being built).
4. Fire engines and _____________ (救护车), called at 9:30 p.m., reached the scene within 15 minutes.
5. The twins look alike, but they d___________ greatly in personality.
6. Nowadays the __________(优先事项) for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.
7. The museum plans to __________ (延长) its opening hours to make it more convenient for tourists to visit it.
8. He won the first place in the race and c__________with excitement.
9. A good______(新闻记者) needs to be curious and can acquire information by asking many different questions.
10. Some people believe the news released on the print media is usually more__________(精确的) and reliable.
11. The animals can choke or starve after becoming t__________by fishing ropes or nets.
12. We can enjoy glorious autumnal colors and kick around on a red, brown and gold ___________(地毯) when walking out.
13. F___________in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
14. The storm in July this year destroyed ___________ of homes and buildings.
15. There are many things that every c_________ of the earth can do to help reduce the effects of global warming, and it's never too late or too early for children to take action.
16. Most __________(职业) in the medical field require years of training.
17. I would like to extend my warmest congratulations to you on receiving the___________(奖学金) to the university.
18. Tom has been praised by many people for his efforts to help his hometown._________(不过), some are afraid that he might be overly consumed in such a fast food culture.
19. Citizens in the town are now in favor of a cut in __________(税) so as to help companies run smoothly.
20. Most of the dialogue is in Korea, so the organizers of the Golden Gobles put it in the Foreign Language Film __________(类别)
21. She is just shy and doesn’t like to talk, so it is rather unfair to a_________her of coldness.
22. Every day of our lives we encounter major and ___________ stresses of one kind or another.
23. She let out a ____________ of pain(尖叫).
24. It’s your turn to b_______the baby.
25. The author __________ up when she began to talk about her mother.
26. Breathing is an _______________ (自主的) function of the body.
27. The police are still____________ (= looking into) the accident.
28. She won a ____________ (奖学金) to study at Oxford University.
29. His comments appeared to _____________ (与...相矛盾) remarks made earlier in the day by the chairman.
30. It took the jury（陪审团）some time to reach the _____________(结论) that the charged was guilty.
31. The job will require you to use all your skills to the _____________(最大的).
32.The work was done with the _____________（最小的） amount of effort.
33. It is important to learn _____________( 辨别）between right and wrong.
34. We regard journalism as a noble ____________（职业）.
35. There is no doubt that she has the makings of a successful ________________(新闻记者)， because she is keen on _______________(新闻工作).
五、课后巩固训练：（15min）
（一）用所给词的适当形式填空 (共20题：每小题1分，共20分)
1. Historical ___________ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.
2. Filled with ___________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.
3. Jones ___________ (conclusion) that there are too many extremely lonely people in his community, who are easy targets of cheating.
4. We should to learn to_________________(discrimination) between right and wrong.
5. We regard journalism as a noble ___________(professional).
6. If you are in need of a deadline ___________ (extend), simply explain the situation to the professor.
7. Nowadays the ___________ (prior) for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.
8. Favorable policies are in effect to encourage employees’___________ (profession) development.
9. __________ (foundation) in 1636, Harvard University is the oldest university in the United States.
10. Located where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road _____ (construct)．
11. Viewing childhood development as a scientific ___________ (investigate) throws light on how children learn, but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists.
12. So, it may be only a ___________(minor) of young people who play classical instruments.
13. This government is ________ (commit) to extending parental choice in education.
14. She considers that it is too early to form a definite ________ (conclude).
15. ________ (curious) is part of children's nature. They always insist on getting to the bottom of everything.
16. They are ____________ (commit) socialists.
17. She doesn’t want to make a big emotional __________ (commit) to him at the moment.
18. A ________ (politics) is a person whose job is connected with politics.
19. To sum up, being a good journalist requires writing skills, curiosity and ______(commit) to finding the truth.
20. Lisa Mayer, 29, is among the lucky ones who only suffered ___________(minority) injuries.
（二）完成句子(共20题：每小题1分，共20分)
1. News reports written at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts are ________ _______ ________(披露).
2. To s______ ________(总之), being a good journalist requires writing skills, curiosity and ____________（commit）to finding the truth.
3. When we come across such factual differences, we should not________ _______ ________ _________ ________ (匆忙下结论)one of the news reports gives false information.
4. _________ i________(例如), the numbers of deaths _______ _______(在.....上不同)the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire.
5. Though journalists _________ __________ ________ ( 致力于.....中 )presenting the truth, it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports.
6. __________ __________ __________(有明辨是非的能力), every one of us has the potential to be a critical news reader.
7. His paper published articles about __________ (政治事务)and social issues, ________government officials of dishonesty and wealthy people ________(控诉)not paying their taxes.
8. He used the same business strategy he had employed at the St Louis Post-Dispatch and sales of the newspaper m__________ _________ (增加) until it was the bestselling newspaper in the country.
9. How do these differences __________ __________（发生）?
10. I was about to __________ _________ _________(洗澡)when I heard people ________(尖叫) and dogs ________(狗吠叫).
六、反思感悟：
1. 导读部分重点词汇的词性变化规律记住了吗？
2. release在不同语境中的含义能分清吗？
3. 完形填空文章里，有没有注意根据上下文意思来揣摩作者的思维动向，从而锁定答案？ |