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一、导读： Read the short passage on P20, finish the box and explore the rules. 二、导思： Point out the mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. (1) The librarian said that the book has already been borrowed. (2) The classroom is being decorated when the teacher came in. (3) The steak was cooking in the pan as he walked into the kitchen. 三、导学&导练： I.过去进行时的被动语态 
否定主语+was/were + not + being + done 一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+being+done 特殊疑问句:疑问词+was/were +(主语 +)being +done 1.过去进行时的被动语态表示过去的某一特定时间正在进行的被动动作。 He was being interviewed by our director yesterday afternoon. 他昨天下午正在接受我们经理的面试。 This film was being shown then. 那时这部电影正在上映。 2. 进行时的被动语态可以由“was / were + under / on等介词+名词”结构代替。 Many new inventions were on exhibition in the museum at this time last year. = Many new inventions were being exhibited in the museum at this time last year. 许多新发明去年的这个时候正在博物馆被展出。 He didn’t stay in my room last night because it was under repair. = He didn’t stay in my room last night because it was being repaired. 昨天晚上他没有住在我房间里，我的房间正在修缮。 II.过去完成时的被动语态 否定:主语+had+ not + been + done 一般疑问句:had+主语+been+done 特殊疑问句:疑问词+had+(主语 +)been +done 1.过去完成时的被动语态 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。 By the time the teacher came in, the first experiment had been finished. 老师进来的时候,第一个实验已经完成了。 The classroom hadn't been cleaned before the teacher came in. 老师进来之前教室还没有打扫。 Had the new plan been discussed before the meeting started? 会议开始前讨论过这个新计划吗? 用法1：表示在过去某个动作或者时间之前就已经发生或者已经完成的被动动作，常常与by, before, 等引导的时间状语（从句）连用。 By the time we got there , all the tickets had been sold out. 我们到那里时，所有的票都卖完了。 用法2：表示从过去某个时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的动作。常常与for, since 引导的时间状语（从句）连用。 It was reported that the sale had been advertised for several weeks. 用法3：用在宾语从句中，常放在told,said,knew,heard,thought,wondered等动词过去式的后面，表示在这些动词之前已经发生的被动动作。 He told me that he had finished all the homework. 他告诉我他已经做完了所有的作业。 用法4：Scarcely /Rarely/Hardly/ (过去完成时)（部分倒装）+when + 句子（过去时）或 No sooner (过去完成时)（部分倒装）+than…+句子（过去时）句型中，表示“刚….就……, 一…….就……”.当从句中主语为动作的承受者时，从句中用过去完成时的被动语态； Hardly had the front door been opened when we could smell something burning. 前门一被打开，我们就能闻到烧焦的气味。 用法5：It / This / That was the first / second / ... time + that从句，当从句中主语为动作的承受者时，从句中用过去完成时的被动语态 It was the first time that he had been awarded. 这是他第一次获奖。 用法6：在虚拟语气中，表示和过去的事实相反，当主语是动作的承受者时，用过去完成时的被动语态。 If I had been invited there, I would have gone with you. 如果我受到邀请去那里的话，我就会和你一起去了。 III、课文重难点 1.My cheeks were red，and I could hear myself breathing heavily as I looked up at the blue sky. 我的脸颊通红，抬头仰望蓝天时，我能听到自己沉重的喘息声。 hear + 宾语 + 宾补 在hear 复合结构中，宾补通常由省略to 的动词不定式、现在分词或过去分词充当。 （1）省略to的动词不定式表示动作发生过或者经常发生。 （2）现在分词作宾补，宾语与宾补是主动关系，表主动进行。 Hardly had she sat down when she heard someone knocking at the door. 她还没来得及坐下来，就听到有人敲门。 （3）过去分词作宾补，宾语与宾补是被动关系，表被动。 We can hear the windows beaten by the raindrops. 我们能听到雨点敲打窗户的声音。 ◆说明 （1）除hear 外还有一些动词，如see，notice，watch，feel 等，也可用省略to 的动词不定式、现在分词或过去分词作宾语补足语。 I looked up and noticed a snake winding its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. 我抬头一看，发现一条蛇正蜿蜒爬树，准备捕捉它的早餐。 As soon as he entered the office，he noticed his cup broken. 他一进办公室就注意到他的杯子被打碎了。 （2）省略 to 的不定式作宾语补足语时，如变成被动句，应加上 to，这时不定式成为主语补足语；分词作宾语补足语时，如变成被动句，则不需要变化，可直接用作主语补足语。 I heard the students sing an English song. → The students were heard to sing an English song. I heard the students singing an English song. → The students were heard singing an English song. 2.I ran my race relaxed and confident，even though my limits were being tested like never before. (1)形容词（短语）作主语补足语 We went home from school, tired and hungry. He left home without a word, determined never to return. Crusoe stared at the dead boy, full of fear. ◆说明 形容词的上述用法还可理解为形容词（短语）作状语， 表示伴随、让步或结果等，该形容词（短语）的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。 They spent seven days in the wind and snow, cold and hungry. （伴随） Unhappy, she returned to work. （让步） The dog fell down, dead. 那条狗倒下，死了。（结果） (2)limit n. 限度，限制；限量，限额；界限vt. 限制，限定； 限量 （→ limited adj. 有限的limitless adj. 无限的） a. There is a limit to the amount of pain we can bear. The EU has set strict limits on levels of pollution. He tried my patience to its limits. b. The amount of money you have to spend will limit your choice. c. We are doing our best with the limited resources available. If you have a strong ability to learn. there are almost limitless possibilities. 3.Then, we took our place at the table and quickly started to arrange the bottles and cups so that they looked like an army of soldiers standing in line for inspection. so that 引导结果状语从句 so that 引导结果状语从句，意思是“所以，结果”，表示从句动作已经发生。 He adjusted his pace，so that his son caught up with him. We paid him immediately so that he left contented. ◆说明 （1）so that 也可以引导目的状语从句，意思是“为了，以便”，表示目的，从句动作尚未成为现实，此时相当于in order that，从句中常有 will，would，can，could， may，might 等情态动词。 We paid him immediately so that/in order that he would leave contented. （2）so that 引导的目的状语从句只能用于主句之后，in order that 引导的目的状语从句还可以置于句首。 In order that he could find a getaway on the map，he put on his glasses. 为了在地图上找到适合度假的地方， 他戴上了眼镜。 4.Cathy and I quickly poured water into the cups for them. pour vt. & vi. 倒，斟；倾倒，倒出；涌流，倾泻；下大雨； 不断涌向 （1）I was in the kitchen，pouring out drinks. （2）Tears poured down his cheeks. Thick black smoke was pouring out of the roof. She poured out her troubles to me over a cup of coffee. The rain continued to pour down. It never rains but it pours. 不雨则已，一雨倾盆。/ 祸不单行。 （3）Letters of complaint continue to pour in. People came pouring out of the station. ◆语块积累 pour sth into sth 把……倒入…… sb pour into somewhere 大量涌进…… pour out 毫无保留地表达感情（或思想等）；表露无遗； 畅所欲言 pour out one’s heart（to sb.）（向某人）倾诉心里话 四、达标导练： I. 单句语法填空 1.—Did you hear the noise downstairs? What was that? —Yes.I forgot to tell you. A new machine_____________(test )then. 2.By the end of last year, 10,000 trees______________( plant ) in that village. 3.The students’ attention_________________( fix ) on their study when all the lights went out. 4.—Did you visit the museum during your trip to Shenyang? —No. Parts of it__________________( repair). 5. His village_________________( flood) in the heavy rain,so he moved to his friend's house. 6.When we got there，we were told that the injured__________________( send) to the nearest hospital. 7.The central heating system____________________( switch) off,so the room was as cold as ice. 8.The twins whose homework________________( finish ) were allowed to play badminton outside. 9.When we visited my grandparents last weekend, their new house________________( paint ) . 10. The lost girl______________( look ) for everywhere by her parents and policemen when she suddenly appeared in the park. 11. If it________________(repair ) earlier , the printing machine would not have broken down. 12. That was the first time that she___________________(invite) to Harbin to see ice lanterns. 13.After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it__________________( decorate) . 14.The residents,whose home__________________(damage ) by the fire,were given help by the Red Cross. 15.The professor was delighted to find that the project__________________(finish) by the students independently already. 16. While passing the building, I found that it__________________(paint ) by several workers. 17. It is easing China's one-child policy ________________has drawn so much attention from home and abroad. 18. How do you motivate people_________________(work)hard and efficiently? 19. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who______________(trap) in the mountains for two days. 20. On the last day of school, all the children are walking _______________air. 21. All the wooden fences around the campus_______________( tear ) down by the time Jack returned to school from home. 22.Last month, Tom and his wife still had to stay with his parents,because their new apartment________________( decorate) . 23. The teacher spoke in praise __________________those students who helped each other. 24.Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who________________ ( cheat) of her money. 25.It _______________( know) for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature- that's what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features. 26.Raynynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. Their savings ________________( use) up to Pay lawyers' fees. 27.A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ______________(trap) in the mountains for two days. 28. I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _______________(carry) out in the past two years. 29. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _______(invent) yet. 30. If the new safety system ________________(put) to use, the accident would never have happened. 五、反思感悟： 1. 过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态的概念理解吗？ 2. 过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态可以在句子中怎么使用？ 3. 过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态的用法掌握了吗？ |